Emphysema is a pathological diagnosis and is generally caused by heredity, so there is generally no diagnosis of hereditary emphysema. To confirm the diagnosis of emphysema, it is necessary to go to the hospital to do imaging tests, physical examination and laboratory tests.
1. Imaging examination: Imaging examination includes X-ray examination and chest CT examination, through which the approximate contour of the lungs and their position in relation to neighboring organs can be observed.
If there is chest expansion, fullness, widening of the rib gap, flattening of the ribs, increase in the transmittance of the lung field, thin and sparse texture of the outer band of blood vessels, and thickening and disorganization of the texture of the inner band in the course of the examination, it is possible to preliminarily judge emphysema, and the size and number of pulmonary blisters can be understood through chest CT examination.
2. Physical examination: the symptoms of emphysema are not obvious in the early stage of the disease, with the aggravation of the disease, the anterior and posterior diameter of the thorax will be enlarged, the angle of the sternum below the raphe widens, and the respiratory movement is weakened, and the respiration of some patients becomes shallow and the frequency increases.
3. Laboratory tests: pulmonary function tests, patients will appear hypoxemia, PaO2 decreased, FEV1/FEV decreased.
After the detection of suspected emphysema, it is necessary to consult the doctor in time and treat it aggressively.