Cancer occurring in the endometrial glandular epithelium is called endometrial cancer, also known as uterine body cancer. It accounts for 20%-30% of malignant tumors of female reproductive organs and ranks the third, but there is a rising trend in recent years. Most of the uterine body cancers are adenocarcinomas. Most of them occur after menopause and the peak age is 50~60 years old. I. Risk factors 1. Estrogen increases the incidence of endometrial cancer in women who take single estrogen for a long time. 2. Obesity, hypertension and diabetes are considered as high risk factors for endometrial cancer. Some scholars suggest that the risk of endometrial cancer in obese women increases with weight, and the risk of endometrial cancer in patients with diabetes and hypertension increases compared with normal people. Infertility and unmarried endometrial cancer patients account for 24%~31% of infertility and unmarried patients. Such cases are mostly caused by the lack or insufficiency of progesterone in patients’ bodies, which allows estrogen to continuously stimulate the endometrium. 4.Delayed menopause and prolonged anovulation time will lead to a series of endometrial proliferative lesions of different degrees as the endometrium is stimulated by estrogen for a longer period of time. Some of these lesions can be reversed by themselves or normalized after treatment with progestin, while others develop into endometrial cancer. 5.Genetic factors 20% of patients have similar cancer in their family, such as ovarian cancer and breast cancer. 6.Often coexist with other functional tumors (1) Endometrial polyps: endometrial cancer combined with polyps has higher incidence than normal uterus. (2) Uterine fibroids: about 35% of endometrial cancer patients have fibroids. (3) Breast cancer: Patients with endometrial cancer have a higher incidence of concurrent breast cancer. (4) Ovarian cancer: 5% to 10% of endometrial cancer patients have adenocarcinoma of one or both ovaries at the same time. (5) Polycystic ovary syndrome: the probability of concurrent endometrial cancer is 25%. Abnormal manifestations 1. Vaginal bleeding is the main symptom. It is irregular vaginal bleeding, and the amount is usually not large. In postmenopausal patients, the bleeding is continuous or intermittent. Young patients show increased menstrual flow, prolonged menstrual period or bleeding between menstrual periods, or sometimes vaginal bleeding during urination or defecation. 2.Vaginal discharge in early stage is usually thin fluid or bloody. Vaginal discharge is mainly from tumor exudation or infection. In the late stage, it is purulent or purulent blood with foul odor. 3.Pain is caused by tumor infiltrating surrounding tissues or compressing nerves. Pain in the lower abdomen and lumbosacral region may radiate to the lower limbs. 4.Lumps in the lower abdomen can be palpated in the lower abdomen when the uterus is enlarged, which can be seen in the late stage. Preventive health care 1, middle-aged and elderly women should pay attention to their own psychological care, timely dispel bad emotions, open-minded and generous, optimistic and open-minded, to prevent damage to the endocrine system and maintain normal hormone levels. 2. Pay attention to physical exercise, combine work and rest, try to maintain a standard weight and avoid excessive obesity. 3. Strictly grasp the indications for estrogen, especially menopausal women should be used with caution. Those with a history of estrogen application should pay attention to regular checkups. 4. Menopausal women applying estrogen replacement therapy should pay attention to the use of contraceptive pills and proceed strictly under the guidance of physicians. 5. Take the initiative to participate in cancer prevention screening. Those with vaginal bleeding, especially those with postmenopausal vaginal bleeding, should seek early medical consultation. 6.High-risk factors, such as unmarried, infertile, senior first marriage, first pregnancy, few pregnancies and deliveries, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, irregular menstruation, etc., should pay attention to regular medical checkups. 7. Pre-cancerous lesions such as uterine adenomatosis and endometrial hyperplasia should be treated promptly and followed up closely to interrupt cancerous changes. Patients with endometrial atypical hyperplasia can be cured by reasonable treatment and can have pregnancy and childbirth. Menopausal women with menstrual disorders or irregular vaginal bleeding after menopause should be highly alerted and endometrium should be taken for histopathological examination if necessary. 9.After treatment, endometrial cancer patients should pay attention to physical exercise, keep vulva clean, and review regularly, once every 1-3 months in the first year after treatment, once every six months in the second to fifth year, and once a year for more than 3 years.