Ear water imbalance is clinically known as Ménière’s disease and is mainly due to water accumulation in the vagus of the inner ear membrane. The onset is mainly related to mechanical obstruction of the endolymphatic vessels or impaired endolymphatic absorption, immune response, and inner ear ischemia. Usually, patients will experience dizziness, tinnitus, ear stuffiness, and hearing loss. Generally, vestibular function examination and audiological examination are used to determine the specific condition in clinical practice. 1. Endolymphatic duct mechanical obstruction or endolymphatic absorption disorder: When there is narrowing or obstruction in the endolymphatic duct, such as endolymphatic sac dysplasia, it can cause mechanical obstruction of the lymphatic duct or endolymphatic absorption disorder, resulting in fluid accumulation in the vagus of the inner ear membrane. 2. Immune response: The ear can receive antigenic stimulation and produce immune response, and these Antigens that enter the inner ear in different ways or are produced by the inner ear itself can stimulate the immune cells around the endolymphatic vessels and endolymphatic sacs to produce antibodies. The antigen-antibody response can induce capillary dilation and increased permeability in the inner ear, which can cause fluid to enter the membrane vagus, resulting in fluid accumulation in the inner ear membrane vagus; 3. Inner ear ischemia: If autonomic nerve disorders and small blood vessel spasms in the inner ear can cause microcirculatory disorders in the inner ear and endolymphatic sac, resulting in tissue hypoxia, metabolic abnormalities, and increased permeability, which can lead to fluid from exolymph and blood entering the membrane vagus depending on the osmotic pressure difference, resulting in fluid accumulation in the inner ear membrane vagus. This leads to fluid accumulation in the membrane vagus of the inner ear. 4. Other: In addition to the above causes, endolymphatic sac dysfunction, viral infection, genetics, and insufficient blood supply may also induce Ménière’s disease. In most cases, patients diagnosed with Meniere’s disease need to be treated with medication under the guidance of a physician, while for some patients with severe conditions or where medication is ineffective, surgical treatment can be performed under conditions that meet the indications for surgery. Pharmacological treatment mainly involves the use of vestibular neuroleptics, such as diazepam and diphenhydramine, and anticholinergics, including drugs such as scopolamine and scopolamine. In cases where medication is ineffective, a targeted surgical plan, such as endolymphatic sac decompression and posterior semicircular canal occlusion, is developed by a specialized surgeon.