Perianal abscess after chemotherapy is usually treated by medication and surgery. 1. Drug treatment: Penicillin, cephalosporin antibiotics and other drugs can be used first anti-infection treatment, if the pain is more obvious can use painkillers, such as ibuprofen and other drugs. Drugs need to be used under the guidance of a physician, allergic to drugs is prohibited, with cephalosporins or penicillins, need to do a skin test first. 2. Surgery: The methods of perianal abscess surgery include incision and drainage, incision and drainage, negative pressure drainage of perianal abscess, incision and suture drainage, and so on. Patients with perianal abscess after chemotherapy should consult the doctor in time, do not self-medicate to avoid adverse results.