Decubitus ulcers are caused by long-term pressure on the localized skin of the body, which affects blood circulation and leads to damage, ulceration and even necrosis due to lack of nutrients in the skin and subcutaneous tissues. Different degrees of bedsores require different treatment measures.
1. Medication:
(1) Topical dressings: the choice of suitable topical dressings can protect the wound from contamination, absorb exudate, fill the necrotic cavity defect, reduce edema, and can provide a suitable environment for wound healing. Commonly used dressings are: film dressings, hydrocolloid dressings, hydrogel dressings and so on.
(2) Topical antiseptic: suitable for the symptoms of infection, commonly used drugs include: povidone-iodine, silver sulfadiazine cream and so on.
(3) Analgesics: Analgesic drugs are needed when severe pain occurs, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen and naproxen sodium, can be used to reduce pain.
2. Surgical treatment:
(1) debridement: if the pressure sore site is large and has more necrotic tissue, the wound can be cleaned up by surgical instrument excision, ultrasound and other methods to promote healing.
(2) Skin repair: Severe pressure ulcers may not heal on their own and require surgical treatment to close the wound, accelerate healing and minimize the risk of infection.
(3) Physical therapy treatment: Physical therapy can also be used for pressure ulcer treatment, including: massage for early bedsores; use of energy from the electromagnetic spectrum to promote blood circulation and healing, such as electrical stimulation, magnetic therapy, and phototherapy.
4. Treatment of underlying diseases. People with bedsores often have serious chronic diseases such as cerebral infarction, so they should be treated for these underlying diseases, and nutrition and nursing care should be strengthened to promote the repair of bedsores.