Both lactate dehydrogenase and alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase are biologically active molecules widely found in tissues and organs such as the heart and liver, and if elevated indicate the possibility of tissue and organ damage. For example, acute myocardial infarction or viral myocarditis, which leads to damage to the heart muscle, and liver diseases such as hepatitis and cirrhosis can also lead to elevated lactate dehydrogenase and hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. It can also be seen in diseases such as myotonic dystrophy, hemolytic anemia, renal infarction, and renal vascular embolism. Therefore, a comprehensive diagnosis based on history, symptoms, signs and other ancillary tests is required, and treatment should be tailored to the cause.