If we must say that “chronic pain is not a symptom but a disease”, many people may think it is a bit pretentious. The problem is that if pain is seen as a symptom, doctors will expect the pain to disappear when the disease is cured, so they will not care about treating the pain; or they will ignore the pain itself, causing people to endure unbearable pain and causing great psychological trauma to patients; even if the disease itself is cured, the stubborn pain left behind will make doctors unable to do anything… … The causes of patients’ pain are varied. Some have had their limbs amputated due to unbearable pain and still have severe phantom limb pain after the amputation; some have been tumor patients and their tumors are basically under control, but the endless cancer pain is still tormenting them; some have been cured of shingles, but the shingles pain has taken root for a long time; others have been cured of joint trauma, but the joint pain is not getting better… … According to most physicians, as these patients get better, the symptoms, including pain, should disappear, but this is not the case. After intensive research, it was discovered that chronic pain is an independent disease in itself and can also be a concomitant disease of other diseases. It has various elements of disease such as etiology, symptoms, and pathogenesis, and requires a unique diagnostic thinking for treatment according to its rules. Thus, more than a decade ago, pain has been defined by the international medical community as a disease, which has all the elements of a disease. The role of the pain physician in the treatment of pain is, to use an analogy, like the treatment of a cough. A simple cough can be treated by many physicians, but a cough that is not easily treated requires a respiratory physician. Similarly, when patients from various disciplines encounter pain that cannot be controlled by simple means, they can be treated by pain physicians for specialized treatment. The main responsibility of pain physicians is to find common patterns and bullseyes for pain treatment among various pains with different traits, locations, relieving factors and triggers, and to solve the problems common to various pains. Pain physicians need to choose suitable drugs among hundreds of drugs in a dozen categories, such as analgesics, antiepileptics, antidepressants, ion channel drugs, etc., according to different ranges of application, i.e., antinociceptive spectrum. For example, if you are tired of climbing a mountain, you can use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics appropriately, while trigeminal neuralgia requires antiepileptic drugs, etc. Regardless of the cause of pain, medication should be selected and treated according to the pain mechanism. In addition to drugs, minimally invasive interventional techniques are the core technology of pain medicine. With this, pain physicians are able to apply the drugs (or therapeutic measures) that the body needs most to where they are needed most in the most simple way. For example, through minimally invasive interventional methods, pain physicians can precisely puncture a fine needle into the patient’s semilunar ganglion and then block nociceptive nerve conduction through temperature-controlled radiofrequency ablation, thereby achieving a radical treatment for primary trigeminal neuralgia. Nowadays, with the development of neurointerventional techniques, neuromodulation techniques have undoubtedly become a powerful tool in the hands of pain physicians. For example, cancer patients with metastatic tumors have lesions in many parts of the body, and the nature and intensity of pain vary, so it is difficult to solve all problems successfully with one or two drugs. At this time, the central target control technology can be used to deliver a small amount of morphine and other pain medication directly to the brain and spinal cord, which is the target center of all the pain, and then prepare the drug delivery program according to the patient’s pain pattern. This allows the patient to have 1/300th of the amount of oral medication.