Dilated cardiomyopathy has a poor prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate of about 50% and a 10-year survival rate of about 25% after diagnosis. Dilated cardiomyopathy is a group of diseases characterized by enlargement of the left ventricle or both ventricles, accompanied by systolic dysfunction. It can manifest as heart enlargement, heart failure, arrhythmias, thrombosis and even sudden death. The heart is predominantly enlarged with weak ventricular walls and fibrous scar formation, often accompanied by thrombosis of the attached walls. The structure of the heart has been altered and the heart’s ability to contract decreases, triggering water and sodium retention, which causes heart failure, which in turn causes myocardial injury, forming a vicious cycle. When the attached wall thrombus is dislodged, it causes thromboembolism, leading to severe symptoms. Current treatment includes treatment of the cause and aggravating triggers, symptomatic treatment, etc., and cannot reverse the altered heart structure. Although the prognosis of dilated cardiomyopathy is poor, it is possible to alleviate clinical symptoms and control and delay the progression of the disease through treatment, so it is recommended to seek medical attention and standardize treatment.