1.What are birth defects? Birth defects generally refers to a general term for various diseases or abnormalities that the child has before it is born in the mother’s womb. 2, the danger of birth defects and the current situation: the country has a cumulative total of nearly 30 million families have had birth defects and congenital disabilities, accounting for nearly one tenth of the total number of families in the country. The country still has about 1 million birth defects occur each year, accounting for about 4-6% of the total annual births. Thirty percent of them die before or after birth, 40 percent have lifelong disabilities, and only 30 percent can be cured or corrected. Birth defects have become one of the leading causes of perinatal death, neonatal death, and infant mortality in China. The birth of a variety of sick and disabled children, not only brings misfortune to the family, but also brings a heavy burden to society and the state. 3, birth defects of the three preventive measures: primary prevention measures are taken before marriage, pre-conception measures, the use of premarital health care and pre-conception health care means to prevent the occurrence of birth defects children. Secondary preventive measures are measures taken during pregnancy, the use of maternal system health management, strengthening prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis and other methods to avoid or reduce the birth of serious birth defects and disabled fetuses. Tertiary prevention measures are taken after the birth of a newborn, using systematic child health care management and screening for neonatal diseases, early detection and treatment of children with birth defects to try to improve their prognosis. Experts remind: from the perspective of prevention, primary prevention measures are the focus. Active participation in premarital and preconception health services and medical examinations is the best means to effectively reduce the occurrence of birth defects.