Data show that 15-20% of newborns fail hearing tests, but most of these can be false positives. Failure of hearing test in newborns may be partly due to congenital hearing impairment, such as genetic factors, use of ototoxic drugs such as gentamicin during pregnancy, and diseases such as meningitis and otitis media in newborns, which can be the cause of congenital hearing impairment. Another part of the reason may be that the newborn’s ears are blocked by fetal feces, amniotic fluid and cerumen, or because the baby is too small to cooperate with the doctor’s examination, or the surrounding environment is too noisy causing the baby to be disturbed, and so on. If a newborn baby fails the hearing test, parents should closely observe the baby’s response to sound sources and have the baby rechecked in a timely manner at the hospital. If the baby fails the test three times, parents should attach great importance to the baby’s hearing and seek medical attention to diagnose the baby’s all-rounded hearing and identify the cause of the hearing problem so as to carry out intervention and treatment.