Chinese medicine treatment for rectal cancer requires evidence-based treatment, which can be divided into spleen deficiency and dampness-heat, dampness-heat and stasis-poison, spleen-kidney cold-dampness, etc. It can be accompanied with Baotouweng, Huanglian, Phellodendron Bark, Poria, Atractylodes Macrocephalae and so on, and the specific use of drugs should follow the doctor’s instruction. Clinical manifestations of rectal cancer include change of bowel habit, pus and blood stool, thinning or deformation of stool. 1. Spleen deficiency and damp-heat syndrome: Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria, Atractylodes macrocephala, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephala, Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati, Rhizoma Coptidis, Cyperus Rotundus, etc. are used to strengthen the spleen, clear away heat and promote dampness (remove heat and dampness in the body), and alleviate the manifestations of abdominal distension, pus-blood, urgency of stools, etc. caused by internalization of damp-heat. 2. Damp-heat and stagnant toxin syndrome: to clear away heat and detoxification (to remove heat and toxin in the body), to pass through the bowels and eliminate stasis as the treatment principle, use of septoria, cypress, wood sorrel, sandalwood, thick pakoda, motherwort, turmeric and so on. 3. Cold and dampness in spleen and kidney: Poria, atractylodes, etc. are used to strengthen the spleen and dispel dampness (by tonifying the spleen to expel dampness), and Epimedium, Cortex Eucommiae, etc. are used to warm and tonify the kidney yang (by warming and supplementing the yang qi of kidneys), which are used to treat the patients’ symptoms such as reduction of post-diarrheal pain, abdominal pain with heatiness and coldness in shape and limbs. Chinese medicine treatment for rectal cancer mostly focuses on relieving clinical discomfort, and surgery is recommended as early as possible if radical treatment is needed. If surgery or medication is needed, it is recommended to go to the hospital and choose the appropriate treatment plan under the doctor’s guidance.