The H. pylori typing test detects the type of H. pylori. The test is very important for guiding the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. The test is popular among patients because it is easy to perform and patients are happy to receive it.
Why is H. pylori typing done?
When patients are tested positive for H. pylori, physicians often need to administer anti-H. pylori treatment, and in the case of H. pylori eradication treatment, H. pylori typing is needed first to determine the virulent strains to guide physicians in the use of drugs and reduce treatment costs and the generation of drug-resistant strains. Therefore, further HP typing should be performed after HP detection to help diagnose and treat gastroduodenal diseases correctly.
What are the types of H. pylori?
H. pylori (Hp) can secrete toxins that damage human cells and cause inflammation, ulcers and tumors. Depending on how it secretes toxins, it can be divided into two categories: cytotoxin-producing and non-cytotoxin-producing; those that can produce toxins are type I and those that cannot are type II.
Is the virulence of different types of H. pylori the same?
Type I HP is highly toxic because it produces cytotoxins and is closely associated with gastroduodenal ulcers, MALT lymphoma and gastric cancer; Type II Hp strains are less virulent because they do not produce cytotoxins, and infection generally causes only chronic superficial gastritis.
What tests are used for H. pylori typing and are the results reliable?
There are several Hp antibody test kits available at home and abroad, most of which use cultured Hp bacterial extracts as antigens to detect total Hp antibodies in human serum, but their specificity and sensitivity are not ideal and are mainly used to detect Hp infection in the population. The cytotoxin-producing Hp antibody enzyme immunoassay kit (CagA-Hp) prepared using genetically engineered expression of CagA protein can only detect patients with type I infection, while it can cause missed detection in patients with type II infection.
The use of immunoblot technology is a relatively advanced assay for the simultaneous detection of multiple H. pylori IgG antibodies, including cytotoxin (CagA), vacuolar toxin (VacA) and urease subunit A and B antibodies, with a high degree of sensitivity and specificity. The method overcomes the shortcomings of other detection methods, and can detect both the cytotoxic CagA-producing type I beads and the less virulent type II strains, with easy operation, sensitive and reliable results, and is not affected by autoantibodies, lipemia, hemolysis, jaundice and other serum specimens.
What are the objects of this test?
Patients with positive HP infection by gastroscopy or carbon 13 or 14 urea breath test.
Does all H. pylori infection require antibacterial treatment?
In fact, not all infected people need antibiotic treatment. The use of antibiotics for all of the vast infected population is not only unnecessary, but can have adverse drug consequences. Thus, the group of people with gastric diseases that need antibiotics to eradicate HP.
1, chronic gastritis (with erosion, atrophy and indigestion symptoms.
2, peptic ulcer, whether active or healing regardless of complications, such as bleeding, perforation, etc.
3.H. pylori-positive gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma
4, Early gastric cancer after surgery
5.Iron deficiency anemia of unknown origin
6.Long-term use of PPI preparations
7.Family history of gastric cancer
8.Plan to take long-term non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
9.Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
10, other HP-related diseases, in addition to personal requirements for treatment; even if the gastritis with type I infection we advocate eradication treatment, part of the type II infection can be suspended without antibacterial treatment, follow-up observation.
Do I need to do any preparatory work before the test?
The test requires only 2ml of venous blood and is very convenient as it does not require fasting.