The recurrence rate of anal preservation surgery for low rectal cancer is mainly based on the following conditions: firstly, it depends on the biological characteristics of the patient’s tumor, the more advanced the patient is, the higher the recurrence rate after anal preservation surgery, and the earlier the recurrence rate, the lower the recurrence rate; secondly, it depends on the malignancy of the tumor, if the tumor is more malignant, the higher the recurrence rate after surgery; thirdly, it depends on the degree of surgical cure, the more thorough the surgery is, the lower the recurrence rate, and the less thorough the recurrence rate, the higher the recurrence rate. The more thorough the surgery, the lower the recurrence rate, and the less thorough the recurrence rate, the higher the recurrence rate. Therefore, the recurrence rate is related to many factors, as well as the follow-up treatment of the patient after surgery. Some patients are afraid of chemotherapy, so they are not able to carry out the standard treatment, which will lead to an increase in the recurrence rate after surgery. Therefore, patients must be treated according to the standard, so that the recurrence rate can be reduced to the lowest state.