Bone marrow aspiration is one of the common skill operations in clinical work, and it is an indispensable means to diagnose most leukemias. Bone marrow aspiration often chooses the posterior superior iliac spine or anterior superior iliac spine of the pelvis as the puncture point, because this part of the bony markings are clear, and there are no large blood vessels and nerve trunks in the surrounding area, so the safety is relatively high. If the material taken by repeated puncture is unsatisfactory, sternal puncture can be chosen, as long as the execution of oblique needle, do not penetrate the sternum, generally is also safe. There are very few contraindications to bone marrow aspiration, except for severe hemophilia and coagulation factor deficiency diseases, which can be performed, and local inflammation and deformity should be avoided at the site of the puncture.