The difference between Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and subclinical hypothyroidism lies mainly in the etiology and thyroid function. 1. Etiology: (1) Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: an autoimmune disease that destroys thyroid tissue due to elevated levels of thyroid autoantibodies. (2) Subclinical hypothyroidism: mainly caused by thyroid diseases that destroy thyroid tissue. For example, autoimmune factors, surgery, and insufficient iodine intake may lead to insufficient synthesis of thyroid hormones and feedback stimulation of thyrotropin secretion. 2. Thyroid function: (1) Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: thyroid function is usually normal at the beginning, hyperthyroidism occurs as the disease progresses, and hypothyroidism may occur with further progression. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is an immunologic disease that is associated with elevated thyroid-related antibodies, such as anti-thyroglobulin antibodies and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies. (2) Subclinical hypothyroidism: This is often characterized by normal thyroid function and elevated levels of thyrotropin. The identification of specific diseases should be made under the guidance of a doctor, and standardized treatment should be given according to the specific situation.