Indications】 Indicated for pain-based diseases including renal colic, sympathetic neuralgia (SMP) such as burning neuralgia, phantom limb pain, herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia, primary or metastatic cancer pain in the chest wall, etc. It is used to treat vasospastic diseases such as Raynaud’s disease; thrombo-occlusive vasculitis, diabetic peripheral neuralgia, ischemic necrosis, lower limb ulcers, and post-frostbite pain. It is also used to dilate lower limb blood vessels, increase peripheral flow, promote peripheral venous reflux, and improve lower limb edema. Injection of nerve-destroying drugs can treat malignant or cancerous sympathetic neuralgia. 【Operating method】 1. Lumbar sympathetic ganglion block The operating technique should be performed under the guidance of image monitor. Body surface positioning: the patient is positioned in the upward lateral position on the puncture side, determine the upper edge of the corresponding puncture spine, and open 6~8cm next to the median line for local anesthetic mound and infiltrate layer by layer. A 12-cm-long, 7-gauge puncture needle is inserted at an angle of 60 degrees to the skin and directed toward the midline of the spine. The needle tip may touch the transverse process of the lumbar 1 vertebral body by advancing about 3~4 cm or the lateral edge of the vertebral body by advancing 6~7 cm. The position of the puncture needle is shown by the image monitor, and the direction and depth of the puncture needle advancement are again adjusted until it is confirmed that the needle tip touches the sympathetic ganglion of the anterolateral aspect of the vertebral body without looking for foreign sensation. Injection of contrast agent was seen to show a linear distribution of images next to the vertebral body, which did not move with the abdominal organs. The air resistance disappearance test for injection is positive, there is no blood and no cerebrospinal fluid in the retraction, and the patient can feel a feverish sensation in the abdominal cavity when 8~10ml of local anesthetic is injected. After the injection of the drug, the affected side is taken to the upward lateral position in order to make the drug dip to the location where the lumbar sympathetic ganglion is located. If the patient needs to apply this method for long-term treatment, after successful puncture, an extra-membranous catheter is placed and continuous lumbar sympathetic nerve block can be performed. 2.Thoracic sympathetic ganglion block This operation must be performed under the guidance of an imaging monitor. The vein is opened before the operation, and blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen and respiration are continuously monitored during the operation. The patient is placed in the upward lateral position on the affected side with the neck flexed and the back arched, and a thin pillow is placed under the axilla in order to spread the thoracic spine. The puncture entry point was determined with a marker in the mid-spine line 3-4 cm lateral to the affected side. Under local anesthesia, a 12- to 14-cm-long, 7-gauge puncture needle with markers is used, first in the direction of the vertebral body. After determining the direction, position and distance of the needle tip under the guidance of the imaging monitor, the needle depth marker and the direction of needle entry were adjusted, and the needle tip touched the anterolateral edge of the vertebral body when the needle entry depth was continued about 6~8 cm. Injection of 2~3ml of contrast agent via the puncture needle showed a cord-like image, indicating that the needle tip was located near the thoracic sympathetic ganglion. After back aspiration without blood and gas and injection of 5~8ml of 1% lidocaine, the patient may experience burning sensation on one side and immediate pain relief. Close observation of various physiological indications and correction at any time, with the affected side lying on the upper side for 2~4h. [Complications] Accidental puncture into the subarachnoid space and epidural can cause extensive blockage after drug injection and lead to respiratory and circulatory disorders. Repeated punctures can cause neuralgia; there is also a chance of damaging large blood vessels or puncturing lumbar intervertebral discs, so extra care should be taken during surgery. Although the injected drug is in place and the efficacy is obvious, attention should also be paid to the possible drop in blood pressure. Contraindications】 (1) Infection at the injection site. (2) Inability of the patient to cooperate. (3) Bleeding tendency disease. (4) Patients with severe systemic failure.