According to statistics, about 300 million people in China are currently suffering from lumbar disc herniation, spinal trauma, lumbar degeneration and other common spinal diseases to varying degrees, and the treatment of these diseases has always been a problem that medical experts have been trying to explore and solve, but due to the large population of patients with the disease and the ineffectiveness of conservative treatments, coupled with the difficulty of surgical treatments and the high rate of disability, it also serves to solve the problems of postoperative recurrence and risk resistance as well as to improve the patient’s prognosis. This has caused many impacts. With the improvement of clinical level, the development of endoscopic technology and the innovation of surgical instruments, minimally invasive surgery has become the development trend of today’s surgical field. In recent years, minimally invasive surgical techniques have been applied to spinal surgery, which has led to the treatment of spinal cord diseases towards the minimally invasive era. In the past, major traumatic surgeries that required opening the abdomen and chest can now be accomplished by making a few small holes in the skin surface. This not only greatly reduces the risk of surgery, enabling more and more patients to receive timely treatment, but also makes recovery quick and easy. In particular, the elderly have a lower tolerance for major surgeries and can be helped to recover with minimal trauma, even from various complex orthopedic surgeries such as lumbar spondylolisthesis, spinal stenosis, etc., which can be recovered in just one or two days. At present, the minimally invasive surgery we often refer to is actually endoscopic surgery, in which endoscopes are used to provide the surgeon with imaging and operating channels to achieve the surgical objectives designed before surgery. In fact, minimally invasive is a kind of concept, that is to minimize the damage as much as possible, and at the same time to achieve the purpose of the surgery, with such a concept open surgery can also be done minimally invasive, to bring greater benefits to the patient. With the advancement of minimally invasive spine technology, the indications for intervertebral foraminoscopy include: 1. Inclusive lumbar disc herniation; 2. Huge, prolapsed and free lumbar disc herniation; 3. Lumbar disc herniation combined with calcification of the intervertebral discs and calcification of the ligamentum flavum; 4. Most of the lumbar spinal stenosis (refers to lumbar spinal stenosis caused by the thickening of the ligamentum flavum, proliferation of the synostosis and cohesion of the articular process, disc protrusion, and narrowing of the foramen and lateral recesses of the lumbar spinal canal). Inflammation, abscess is only limited to the intervertebral space, vertebral body, vertebral body collapse deformity is not obvious); 9, one degree or less of stable lumbar spondylolisthesis combined with lumbar disc herniation or lumbar spinal stenosis; 10, intervertebral disc herniation and thoracic stenosis of middle and lower thoracic vertebrae (except for the central type of osseous stenosis). We are convinced that total endoscopic surgery of the spine will become the gold standard of spinal surgery in the near future.