Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb) greater than 40 suggests that one may have autoimmune thyroid disease, especially Graves’ disease, which should be clearly diagnosed by combining clinical symptoms, thyroid function, TSAb, TPOAb, etc. The treatment for Graves’ disease includes antithyroid medication, iodine radiation therapy, and surgical treatment. Elevated TRAb is an important indicator for the diagnosis of Graves’ disease (diffuse toxic goiter), and patients may present with symptoms such as excessive sweating, low-grade fever, irritability and anxiety, agitation, palpitations, arrhythmia, emaciation, hyperphagia, diarrhea, progressive muscle weakness, proptosis, and goiter. Elevated TRAb can also be rare in other thyroid disorders, and a definitive diagnosis should be made by combining the indicators of thyroid function, TSAb and TPOAb. After a clear diagnosis, the treatment of Graves’ disease mainly includes drug therapy, such as propylthiouracil, methimazole, if recurrence after surgical treatment or contraindication to drugs, choose radiation therapy with iodine 131 after excluding contraindications to radiation therapy, or choose surgical treatment if the condition is more serious or there are contraindications to drugs. Iodine and propranolol can be used as adjuvant therapy. When TRAb is found to be elevated, further examination should be done, and treatment should be carried out according to the doctor’s prescription after confirmation of the diagnosis, avoiding self-medication or treatment.