Ultrasound at 17 weeks of pregnancy suggests a short cervical canal, suggesting the possibility of cervical insufficiency and suggesting cervical cerclage.
Clinically, cervical shortening is diagnosed when the cervical length is ≤2.5 cm. If found in mid-pregnancy, the risk of preterm labor is increased, and cervical insufficiency is common, and emergency transvaginal cervical cerclage is usually recommended, with postoperative fertility preservation and close monitoring of cervical canal length changes.
The main clinical manifestation of cervical insufficiency is painless dilatation of the uterine orifice in mid-pregnancy, leading to a history of miscarriage or preterm labor. A history of this condition suggests cervical cerclage prior to the next pregnancy, and if the diagnosis is definitive, elective cervical cerclage is recommended at 12-14 weeks of gestation.