Cervical malignancy is mainly due to HPV infection or other associated risk factors. HPV infection is the most important cause of cervical malignancy. It has been found that it is the high-risk HPV types that can lead to cervical malignant tumors, among which HPV types 16 and 18 have a close relationship with cervical malignant tumors, and other types such as 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 58, 59, 66, 68, 82, and so on. In most cases, the body’s immune system clears HPV infections, but only a small number of women have persistent high-risk HPV infections that lead to malignant cervical preneoplastic lesions that develop into malignant cervical tumors. Secondly, other associated risk factors include smoking, multiple sexual partners, early sexual debut, multiple pregnancies and births, and immunodeficiency diseases.