Hot summer is a high season for skin diseases. The main changes in summer climate are characterized by increased ultraviolet radiation, rising temperatures and humidity, in addition to the fact that various insects have started to proliferate. Many skin diseases are easily induced. Especially in Guangdong, the summer is especially long and hot and humid, and various summer-prone skin diseases will also come as expected, so we would like to summarize the following, hoping that you will know and prevent various summer-prone skin diseases early. Sweat disorder skin diseases In hot weather, the skin “breathing” difficulties, sweat excretion is not smooth, so the skin disease accumulation in the skin formed, such as prickly heat, sweat sore rash, sweat cysts. Prickly heat is common. Prickly heat: Due to the high temperature and humidity in the environment, sweating is too much and cannot be evaporated in time, resulting in blockage of sweat holes and the accumulation or rupture of sweat, some manifest as small rice-grain-sized superficial blisters, which are easily broken and healed by mild desquamation, mostly in infants and pregnant women, called white prickly heat; some are scattered red papules, but not related to hair follicles, called red prickly heat, mostly in children, and some are small pustules, called pus prickly heat. Some are small pustules called pustular prickly heat. Prevention and treatment: to prevent the occurrence of prickly heat should pay attention to the ventilation and cooling of the indoor environment, avoid the environment is too wet, the temperature is too high; clothing should be wide, reduce sweating and facilitate the evaporation of sweat, change clothes regularly; try to keep the skin dry, wipe sweat with a dry towel, obese people, infants and maternity should be diligent bath, but do not use cold water, wipe dry and puff prickly heat powder. Treatment can be done with cool, astringent and antipruritic drugs. If pustular prickly heat occurs, go to the hospital for comprehensive treatment. Photosensitive skin diseases are caused by the body’s strong reaction to sunlight and are mostly seen in fair-skinned people. In addition, although lupus erythematosus and freckles do not belong to photosensitive skin diseases, they may be aggravated by sunlight exposure. The main prevention of photosensitive skin diseases is to avoid photosensitive substances and direct sunlight exposure. The common ones include sunburn and photosensitive dermatitis. 1. Sunburn: caused by sudden excessive sun exposure, manifested as erythema, in severe cases, blisters can form on the sunburned area 3-6 hours after sun exposure, with obvious burning pain and general discomfort. Prevention and treatment: Prevention of sunburn should first be avoided in strong sunlight exposure, should be gradual, gradually increase the amount of exposure. Treatment is generally symptomatic and can be topical with protective agents such as various emollients, glycolic lotion, corticosteroid creams, etc. 2. photosensitive dermatitis: photosensitive dermatitis is due to some people are allergic to ultraviolet light, only seen in a few people, these people usually 1-2 days after the onset of sun exposure, rash mostly on the face, neck and neck “V” shaped area, the back of the hands and upper limbs, manifested as small papules, small blisters, conscious itching, serious non-light parts can also be rash The rash is painless, itchy and disappears very slowly. If not actively treated, chronic photosensitive skin disease can be formed. Prevention and treatment: Because the attack of this disease is related to allergies, we should pay attention to the prevention of light, it is best not to go out from 9:00 to 5:00 p.m. every day, and when you must go out, do a good job of sun protection. Once the rash occurs, you can use various ointments or creams containing hormones externally, or you can consult a doctor to choose a suitable oral class of drugs. Microbial infections skin diseases Sweat impregnated skin, dust adhesion, easy to attract viral, bacterial and fungal infections. 1. Viral skin diseases: chickenpox, rubella, etc. Chickenpox has an acute onset, with systemic symptoms such as fever, lethargy and loss of appetite, and children are at high risk for chickenpox. Rubella is an acute infectious disease caused by the rubella virus that spreads through the respiratory tract, and symptoms appear after an incubation period of 2 to 3 weeks after inhaling the virus. Prevention and treatment: to prevent viral skin diseases, to take children to public places less, if the child has chickenpox, fever period in the diet should be light and easy to digest, pay attention to rest. You should also keep the skin clean and hygienic, and apply some anti-itching drops when the skin itches. The key to preventing rubella virus is to reduce contact with rubella patients. Chickenpox 2. Bacterial skin diseases: common ones are folliculitis and impetigo. This is because of humidity on the one hand, and because the human skin itself has many conditionally pathogenic bacteria that are particularly prone to multiply in hot and humid climates. This, combined with the blockage of hair follicle sebaceous glands and secondary infection, results in folliculitis. Prevention and treatment: The prevention method is to keep the skin clean by bathing and changing clothes regularly to avoid sweat stains and bacterial infections. Impetigo 3. Fungal skin diseases: Common ones are tinea pedis, ringworm and lichen planus. These are skin diseases caused by fungal infections and are often aggravated in the summer because of the fungal preference for warmth and humidity. Tinea pedis manifests as peeling, macerated vesicles between the toes or a majority of blisters on the lateral edge of the foot, which may or may not be itchy, and the rash may gradually expand outward if left untreated. Tinea cruris presents as a ring-shaped erythematous desquamation of the inner thighs and buttock fissures that is eccentrically enlarged, often surrounded by small papules, and is self-induced itching or pain. Tinea corporis manifests as a pattern of skin changes. Prevention and treatment: Both tinea pedis, ringworm and lichen planus are somewhat contagious, so you should avoid sharing hygiene utensils such as towels and slippers, and change your shoes and socks and underwear regularly. Insect dermatoses The high summer temperatures and many mosquitoes make the skin most susceptible to bites from various poisonous insects. The common ones are insect bite dermatitis and cryptomeria dermatitis. Papular urticaria, also known as insect bite dermatitis: the disease is related to mosquito bites, such as bedbugs, fleas, lice, mites, mosquitoes and other insect bites on the skin after the injection of saliva, induced allergic reactions. The rash is green bean to peanut rice size slightly fusiform red windbag-like damage, often with small blisters at the top, some for the hemispherical elevation of the tension of large blisters, the rash mostly on the trunk, limbs, can be in patches or scattered, itching obvious. Prevention and treatment: Prevention of this disease as little as possible to the grass, shade or damp, mosquito places, indoor mosquito incense, do not sleep on the straw mat cooler, the rash can be used externally after the occurrence of various ointments or creams containing hormones or choose suitable oral medication. But it should be noted that it is best not to use safflower oil and other smears, because this may lead to allergies, but aggravate the condition. 2. Cryptoptera dermatitis: This is a special summer skin disease, when the cryptoptera attached to human skin, after being patted or crushed, the venom in its body will adhere to the skin to produce damage, causing cryptoptera dermatitis, redness, swelling, abscesses and so on. Prevention and treatment: Suggestions: People with sensitive skin should avoid places where trees are abundant, and outdoor activities should be well protected from toxic insect bites. Found that there are mosquito bites on the skin, should avoid directly on the torso pat insects, contact areas should be washed with soap and water as soon as possible.