Chronic pain after inguinal hernia repair is receiving increasing attention, but there is still controversy regarding the incidence, pathogenesis and treatment of pain. For this reason, Prof. S. Alfieri, a leading Italian hernia surgeon, convened in 2007 several international experts in this field to discuss and propose six clinical questions related to pain to be answered. In April 2008, more than 200 experts and scholars gathered in Rome to reach a consensus on the six questions that need to be addressed regarding chronic pain after hernia surgery. The main points of the consensus are: 1. Redefine neurogenic pain in the inguinal region, i.e., pain that is caused directly by nerve injury or due to disease affecting the somatosensory system. Patients do not have pain in the inguinal region prior to undergoing hernia surgery or, if the patient has preoperative pain, the postoperative pain sensation should be inconsistent with the preoperative pain sensation. 2. In order to reduce the occurrence of chronic pain in the inguinal region after surgery, it is recommended that intraoperative care be taken to identify and protect all three inguinal region nerves. 3, Selective severance of the suspected damaged nerve is one of the recommended methods. 4, Consensus does not recommend the use of adhesive glue in hernia repair to reduce the risk of pain. 5. In patients who develop chronic pain, surgical treatment is recommended when non-surgical treatment is ineffective. Surgery is recommended at least 1 year from the previous hernia repair.