In my clinical practice, I have encountered many women who are preparing to get pregnant or are already pregnant and do not know how to do preconception or pregnancy checkups, and are confused by the different recommendations given by different doctors in different hospitals or the same hospital. Now I am going to take the recently recommended pre-conception and pregnancy health care guidelines in China, combined with relevant information from abroad and the basic status of life of urban and rural residents in our city. Pre-conception and pregnancy care is an important measure to reduce maternal mortality and birth defects. Traditional pregnancy care, especially the number, content, gestational week, and interval of prenatal checkups, lack the support of evidence-based medical evidence and can no longer meet the requirements of modern prenatal care. In recent years, with the in-depth understanding of perinatal complications and the advancement of prenatal screening technology, the preconception and pregnancy care guidelines developed by the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada and WHO have been updated. Therefore, it is necessary to develop preconception and pregnancy care guidelines appropriate to our national situation. Preconception health care (3 months before pregnancy) Preconception health care is the forward movement of pregnancy health care by assessing and improving the health status of the planned couple, reducing or eliminating risk factors that lead to birth defects and other adverse pregnancy outcomes, preventing the occurrence of birth defects, and improving the quality of the birth population. Health education and guidance Pre-pregnancy health education and guidance for couples planning to have a pregnancy, including: (1) Prepare and plan for pregnancy, and avoid high age pregnancy. (2) Reasonable nutrition and control of body mass (weight) gain. (3) Folic acid supplementation of 0.4-0.8 mg/d, or evidence-based medically proven multivitamin containing folic acid. Pregnant women with previous neural tube defects (NTD) require folic acid supplementation of 4 mg/d. (4) Women with genetic, chronic and infectious diseases who are preparing for pregnancy should be evaluated and guided. (5) Use medication rationally and avoid using drugs that may affect normal fetal development. (6) Avoid exposure to toxic and harmful substances in the living and occupational environment (such as radiation, high temperature, lead, mercury, benzene, arsenic, pesticides, etc.) and avoid close contact with pets. (7) Change bad habits (such as smoking, alcoholism, drug abuse, etc.) and lifestyles; avoid high-intensity work, high-noise environments and domestic violence. (8) Maintain mental health, relieve mental stress, and prevent the occurrence of psychological problems during pregnancy and after delivery. (9) Reasonable choice of exercise. Assessment of pre-pregnancy high-risk factors: (1) Ask about the health status of the couple preparing for pregnancy. (2) Assess previous history of chronic diseases, family and genetic history, and inform those who are not suitable for pregnancy. (3) Detailed history of adverse pregnancy and childbirth. (4) lifestyle, diet and nutrition, occupational status and work environment, exercise (labor), domestic violence, interpersonal relationships (3) auxiliary examinations (1) blood routine; (2) urine routine; (3) blood type (ABO and Rh); (4) liver function; (5) kidney function; (6) fasting glucose; (7) HBsAg; syphilis spirochete, HIV screening (currently these three examinations are free in Chengdu); (8) the mother’s health. (8) cervical cytology examination (for those who have not been examined within 1 year). (9) TORCH screening. (10) Cervicovaginal discharge examination (routine vaginal discharge). (11) 75g oral glucose tolerance test. (12) Gynecological ultrasonography. (13) Electrocardiogram. Pregnancy care The main feature of pregnancy care is the requirement to systematically provide evidence-based prenatal checkups at a specific time. The schedule of prenatal checkups should be decided according to the purpose of prenatal checkups. I. Number of prenatal visits and gestational weeks WHO (2006) recommends that at least four prenatal visits are needed, at gestational weeks of pregnancy.