Hearing impairment refers to the difficulty in verbal interaction due to a lesion or injury in a part of the auditory system, resulting in reduced auditory function, also known as hearing impairment, deafness, hard of hearing, and hearing loss. The age of language acquisition is generally used as the boundary to classify hearing impairment into pre-speech deafness and post-speech deafness. Hearing impairment can occur either before birth or after birth. Medically, hearing impairment that occurs at or before birth is called congenital hearing impairment, and hearing impairment that occurs later in life is called acquired hearing impairment. In education, it is critical that we look at whether the hearing impairment occurs before or after the language development period. Preventive measures for hearing impairment: 1. Avoid application of ototoxic drugs Clinically, it is important to use reasonable medication and avoid ototoxic drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics like streptomycin. 2.Early treatment of possible causes of deafness (1) Treatment of systemic diseases For systemic underlying diseases that may cause deafness such as hypertension, diabetes, renal disease, etc. should be controlled and medication should be used rationally to avoid involvement of hearing function. (2) Treatment of local diseases For common ear diseases that cause deafness such as chronic suppurative otitis media, chronic secretory otitis media, otosclerosis and sudden deafness should be actively treated to avoid causing hearing impairment. 3. Good protection against relative noise It is very important to avoid susceptibility factors that cause noise-induced deafness such as being in a noisy environment for a long time and wearing headphones continuously for a long time. In addition, it is important for people who work in noisy environments to pay attention to occupational protection and regular review and testing of individual hearing.