What are the ultrasound signs of hyperthyroidism?

Hyperthyroidism is manifested on ultrasound as a toxic goiter. It can be seen as a uniform or uneven enlargement of the thyroid gland with relatively irregular margins, a poorly smooth envelope, poorly defined borders, and in some cases lobarization. If the patient is older and has a longer course of disease, the thyroid gland may show scattered or focal hypoechoic and hyperechoic echogenicity bilaterally, and the blood supply to the entire thyroid gland is significantly increased. This is the most typical manifestation of hyperthyroidism in Graves’ disease. In some cases of recurrent hyperthyroidism, the echogenicity of the echogenicity may be unevenly enhanced, and sometimes there may be bands of enhancement or lattice-like echogenicity within the echogenicity, similar to the manifestation of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, in the form of uneven nodules.