Perioperative period is the nurse to meet the patient into the surgical ward, to the postoperative recovery and discharge time, known as the perioperative period, also known as the full period of surgery, including pre-operative, mid-operative and post-operative. Pre-surgery family members need to do more things, mid-surgery in the operating room or late in the early ICU, the precautions are as follows: 1, pre-surgery, first of all, psychological care needs to be done to avoid fear of surgery and uneasiness, in addition to the need to improve the cardiopulmonary function, pay attention to the rest during the preparation of the operation, to prevent colds. At the same time can be intermittent oxygen, increase oxygen supply to lung tissue, improve pulmonary hypertension, can reduce pulmonary vascular resistance, improve the long-term effect of surgery. At the same time, a high-calorie, high-protein, high-vitamin and low-salt diet is needed; 2. Early in the surgical recovery period in the ICU, but after the condition is stabilized, the patient will be transferred to the ward, and in addition to the care of the nursing staff, the family members need to assist in the monitoring of the heartbeat, respiration, blood pressure, and even the urine output, including analgesia, pipeline care, and at this time, the parents need to pay attention to the appropriate nutritional management; 3. Recovery exercises are needed to be done after the discharge from the hospital, to ensure that the postoperative period does not leave After discharge, recovery exercises should be done to ensure that there are no post-operative sequelae.