A pressure sore is a tissue breakdown and necrosis caused by long-term pressure on local tissues of the body, impaired blood circulation, continuous local tissue ischemia, hypoxia, and lack of nutrition, resulting in loss of normal function of the skin. 1. Risk factors causing pressure sores (1) Local factors: The traditional concept is that pressure sores occur mainly when the patient is bedridden for a long time and does not change position for a long time; the skin is often stimulated by moisture and friction. The new concept is that the three main physical forces that cause pressure sores are pressure, friction, and shear, usually due to the combined action of 2-3 forces. (2) Systemic factors: Systemic factors that cause pressure sores include coma, paralysis, general malnutrition, old age, frailty, long-term fever, cachexia, edema, etc. In recent years, a large number of clinical practices have not only confirmed the role of the above-mentioned systemic factors in the occurrence of pressure sores, but also summarized some quantitative indicators for clinical reference. 2. Prevention and care of pressure ulcers (1) Proper assessment: The common assessment methods include Norton’s score, which indicates that patients with a score less than or equal to 14 are vulnerable to pressure ulcers, and Braden’s score, which indicates that the lower the score, the higher the risk of pressure ulcers. The implementation of focused prevention for high-risk patients after assessment allows for the rational allocation and use of limited medical resources. Massage does not help prevent dental beds, as soft tissue reddening under pressure is a protective response of normal skin, and will generally recede automatically in 30-40 minutes after pressure is lifted, without forming pressure sores; if reddening persists, it indicates soft tissue damage, and massage will certainly increase the degree of damage. (2) Intermittent release of local pressure is the primary measure to prevent decubitus ulcers. 30 degrees of lateral recumbency change of position method can effectively relieve the pressure on the bony prominence and improve the effect of preventing dental bed. The duration of semi-recumbent or sitting position can be shortened to within 30 minutes each time; skin damage caused by friction can be reduced by using protective bofilm (transparent dressing such as 3MTegaderm) and protective dressing. (3) Good skin care: the main thing is to keep the skin clean and dry, avoiding moisture, stimulation by frictional excretions, the bed should be kept flat and clean, dry, and of appropriate thickness; for incontinence, vomiting and sweating, it should be scrubbed clean in a timely manner, not using a broken potty, and not pulling hard when using it. For pressure sores on dry skin, moisturize the skin by spraying local skin twice a day with Saibirun.