Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a heart disease characterized by asymmetric hypertrophy of the ventricles. In obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the main signs of the disease are in the ventricles, and the myocardium is altered due to the disease, with common thickening of the interventricular septum, hypertrophy of the cardiomyocytes, specific morphology, and disordered arrangement. Common symptoms in patients are dyspnea, chest pain, palpitations, syncope or syncope with aura, chest tightness, and fatigue. Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has a clear tendency of familial onset, and familial inheritance is the most common cause of the disease, which may be due to gene mutation. In addition, some patients are non-familial, and the etiology of this group of patients is not yet clear. For suspected patients, a thorough physical examination and a complete history of cardiac disease and family history are required for screening, combined with typical symptoms such as dyspnea, chest pain and palpitations, as well as the results of ancillary tests such as chest X-ray, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, cardiac magnetic resonance, cardiac catheterization, coronary arteriography, and genetic testing, etc., for diagnosis. If the diagnosis of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is confirmed, the treatment should be standardized according to the doctor’s prescription.