The 17th National Academic Conference on Viral Hepatitis and Liver Diseases of the Chinese Medical Association and the 2015 Annual Meeting of the Infectious Diseases Branch of the Chinese Medical Association and the Hepatology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association were held at the China National Convention Center in Beijing on October 24-25, 2015. With the theme of “Hepatology in Rapid Development”, the conference focused on the current progress and hot issues of hepatology research, and presented the latest achievements and development trends in the field of hepatology in all aspects. In the morning of the 25th, during the invited lectures of other hepatology venues, the Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of PSC (2015) was promulgated, and the relevant recommendations are summarized as follows: PSC Diagnostic Criteria Recommendation 1: For patients with cholestatic biochemical manifestations, PSC (A1) can be diagnosed if biliary imaging has typical manifestations of PSC, except for other causes. Recommendation 2: In patients with suspected PSC, biliary imaging should be performed, and MRCP is preferred (B1). Recommendation 3: Liver biopsy is necessary for the diagnosis of small bile duct PSC in patients with no abnormalities on biliary imaging (B1). Recommendation 4: Liver biopsy is not necessary for the diagnosis of PSC, but can be used to assess disease activity and staging, and can also be used to assist in determining whether other diseases such as AIH overlap (B2). Differential diagnosis of PSC Recommendation 5: Anti-mitochondrial antibodies should be tested in patients with suspected PSC to exclude PBC (B2). Recommendation 6: Patients with suspected PSC should be tested for serum IgG4 at least once to exclude IgG4-associated sclerosing cholangitis (B2). PSC treatment Pharmacological treatment Recommendation 7: In patients with confirmed PSC, UDCA treatment may be attempted (C2), but high-dose UDCA-based treatment (more than 28 mg/kg/d) is not recommended (A1). Endoscopic treatment Recommendation 8: In patients with PSC with significant stricture of the main bile duct, with significant cholestasis and/or with cholangitis as the main symptom, ERCP balloon dilation is feasible for symptomatic relief (C1). Recommendation 9: Routine stenting is not recommended for patients with PSC with significant biliary strictures, and short-term stenting may be used in patients with severe strictures (C2). Percutaneous treatment Recommendation 10: ERCP cytology and biopsy are required to exclude bile duct cancer in PSC patients with significant stenosis on bile duct imaging (C1). Recommendation 11: PSC patients undergoing ERCP need prophylactic antibiotics to reduce the chance of cholangitis (C2). Liver transplantation Recommendation 12: Patients with cirrhotic decompensation in PSC should be given priority for liver transplantation to prolong their survival (B1), if conditions permit. Special conditions Recommendation 13: For patients with confirmed PSC, colonoscopy with biopsy for evaluation of colitis is recommended (B1); for those with colitis, annual review of colonoscopy is recommended (B2), and for those without manifestations of colitis, review every 3-5 years (C2). Recommendation 14: Patients with PSC should undergo imaging and CA199 every 6 months-1 year to screen for hepatobiliary malignancies (D2). The pathogenesis of PSC is still unclear; 2. It is not yet possible to diagnose PSC at an early stage before biliary strictures appear on imaging; 3. 6. how to prevent post-transplantation recurrence has not been solved.