First, the role of hip and knee joint replacement artificial hip and knee joint replacement is currently the best program for the treatment of serious hip and knee joint diseases, has been widely used, and is becoming more and more mature. A large amount of clinical data confirms that joint replacement can effectively relieve patients’ pain, improve the functional status of limbs, and improve patients’ quality of life. Second, hip, knee postoperative near and distant complications on artificial joint prosthesis The complications after arthroplasty are the main reason affecting the clinical efficacy of artificial joint prosthesis, which has become the focus of common concern of doctors and patients. Postoperative complications of hip and knee artificial joint replacement are divided into early and late complications according to the time: (1) Early complications include deep vein thrombosis, dislocation of the prosthesis, etc.; (2) The latter include osteolysis, loosening of the prosthesis, and infection, etc. With the design concept of the artificial joint prosthesis, it is possible for the prosthesis to have a significant impact on the clinical efficacy of the artificial joint prosthesis. With the improvement in the design concept and manufacturing level of artificial joint prostheses, the continuous improvement in surgical techniques and the standardization of perioperative management, the incidence of recent complications such as deep vein thrombosis and joint dislocation has been significantly reduced. However, with the change of patients’ life style, the prolongation of the service life of the prosthesis and the lack of deep understanding of complications, the incidence of long-term complications has been increasing, of which postoperative osteolysis and loosening of the prosthesis are the main reasons affecting the long-term clinical efficacy of the artificial joint prosthesis. Importance of regular postoperative review of hip and knee joint replacement Regular postoperative review of hip and knee joint replacement is of great significance in improving the survival rate of patients with artificial joint prosthesis and preventing postoperative complications, and it is also an important basis for measuring the success of the surgery. We believe that it is important for patients after hip and knee joint replacement to go to the clinic for regular checkups as follows: (1) to assess the functional recovery after joint replacement, to guide the rehabilitation exercise, and to return to normal work and life as soon as possible; (2) to prevent and reduce the occurrence of postoperative complications, and for the complications that have already occurred, such as osteolysis, to do the early detection, early treatment, and to improve the long-term survival rate of the prosthesis; (3) to prevent and minimize postoperative complications, and to improve the survival rate of the prosthesis by early detection and early treatment. It is recommended that postoperative review of joint replacement should be carried out 2 weeks after hip surgery, 3 weeks after knee surgery to remove stitches, and 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, half a year after surgery, and every 1 year after surgery to go to the hospital for regular review. Typical case: The patient is a 70-year-old man, who was admitted to the hospital because of “left hip pain for 4 years and aggravated for 1 month after 17 years of left total hip arthroplasty”. 17 years ago, the patient underwent left hip arthroplasty because of “ischemic necrosis of the left femoral head”, and the pain of the affected hip was relieved obviously after the operation, and the function was recovered well. After the operation, the pain of the hip was relieved and the function recovered well, which greatly improved the ability of daily life. However, the patient did not pay enough attention to the postoperative review, and did not go to the hospital to evaluate the postoperative joint prosthesis in the 15th to 17th years, which resulted in the failure to detect osteolysis in time, losing the time for early intervention and treatment, and finally had to undergo revision surgery. V. Summary In conclusion, regular review after hip and knee arthroplasty is of great significance to patients. Doctors can combine clinical examination and imaging examination to better evaluate the prosthesis condition after arthroplasty, and guide patients to carry out appropriate interventions, so as to improve the survival rate of the prosthesis and the quality of life of patients. We also believe that with careful preoperative planning, precise surgical operation, and increased patient attention to postoperative review, hip and knee replacement will bring more ideal and longer-lasting treatment results to patients.