Rectal cancer T1N1M0 belongs to stage III progressive rectal cancer, and the statistical five-year survival rate is 50% after treatment by radical resection of rectal cancer, and combined with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy can improve the five-year survival rate and improve the prognosis. Rectal cancer T1N1M0 suggests that the tumor invades the submucosal layer and has invaded the surrounding lymph nodes but has not yet developed distant metastasis. At this time, radical resection of rectal cancer is required to remove the whole tumor and the tissues within 2 cm of the edge of the tumor, the regional lymph nodes and accompanying blood vessels as well as the intact rectal mesentery, and remove all the tumor cells as much as possible; After surgery for stage III rectal cancer, combined adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy are also needed, which can effectively improve the five-year survival rate of rectal cancer and improve the prognosis. Those who have been diagnosed with rectal cancer should receive standardized treatment as early as possible to get the best benefit, and do not delay, so as not to aggravate the condition and cause adverse consequences.