Human chorionic gonadotropin HCG is a glycoprotein hormone secreted by placental trophoblast cells. The main functions of human chorionic gonadotropin HCG are early pregnancy diagnosis, support of the corpus luteum and promotion of pregnancy response.
1. Early pregnancy diagnosis: Chorionic gonadotropin is secreted by placental trophoblast cells at the onset of fertilization of the egg. Initially, serum human chorionic gonadotropin HCG concentration is very low and undetectable. Fourteen days after ovulation, serum human chorionic gonadotropin rises rapidly and can be detected to diagnose early pregnancy.
2. Support for the corpus luteum: The corpus luteum is produced by the follicular cavity after ovulation and is supported by luteinizing hormone secreted by the pituitary gland during early pregnancy. Without support, the corpus luteum will atrophy, causing a drop in progesterone. Therefore, the placenta produces a certain amount of chorionic gonadotropin to support the continued existence of the corpus luteum.
3. Promote pregnancy reactions: As chorionic gonadotropin levels increase, pregnant women may experience pregnancy reactions such as vomiting and nausea.
When a woman is pregnant, she should need to have regular labor and delivery tests to detect problems and treat them promptly.