Most children with precardiac disease are less developed than their peers, weaker, more prone to recurrent colds or pneumonia, and often poorly delayed, so parents need to take extra care and patience in their children’s food, clothing, exercise and prevention of other diseases. Avoiding colds In children with precordial disease, 70-80% of heart malformations are ventricular septal defects, atrial septal defects and patent ductus arteriosus. These children have congested lungs and are usually susceptible to colds and pneumonia, especially in winter, when they are more likely to get respiratory infections and have deteriorating heart function. For this reason, parents should let their children go outdoors more often to get some sunshine and fresh air; try not to go to crowded public places to avoid infectious diseases; and open the windows of their houses often to change the fresh air to avoid colds and respiratory infections. Some children usually sweat a lot, underwear is often wet, and parents are afraid of children’s colds, still give children wear more. This practice is not scientific. Because children with precardiac disease have an overburdened heart, heart function is often poor, wearing too much clothing will only aggravate the child’s sweating. The child is weak, in the child to change wet clothes, the child will often catch a cold and cause a cold. It is recommended that parents change their children into loose underwear, do not wear too many clothes to keep warm, and lining the chest and back with a small dry towel, so that the child is less likely to catch a cold if the towel is changed several times a day instead of changing clothes. Enhance nutrition There are many children with prediabetes who have a small appetite and grow thin, parents are often anxious and try everything to make their children eat more or let them take some appetizing medicine. This is also a misconception. In fact, a child’s small appetite is largely caused by heart disease. The vast majority of children will have an increased appetite, gain weight, and improve growth after their heart disease is cured. Before heart surgery or intervention, children will not do well just by taking appetizers or eating more food. The right thing to do is to normally feed your child nutritious foods such as eggs, chicken, fish, milk, lean pork, fresh vegetables, etc., and to aim for earlier surgery or intervention for heart disease. For infants who are breast-fed, there are now also special formulations of high nutrients that allow the child to get more nutrients without increasing the amount of milk, but this needs to be used under the guidance of a doctor. If the child has weak sucking or breathing difficulties, feed patiently, with small and frequent meals, to avoid choking. If milk stays in the trachea, it can cause respiratory ventilation disorders and worsen breathing difficulties, and also predispose to tracheitis or pneumonia, and even lead to death by asphyxia. Encourage exercise Except for children with severe cardiac insufficiency or some special heart malformations, there is generally no need to strictly restrict the child’s activities. On the contrary, children should be encouraged to participate in moderate physical exercise to enhance their physical fitness. There are many different types of heart malformations, with varying degrees of severity, and the amount of activity for children with precordial disease can vary greatly. An exercise test can be done at the hospital to understand how the heart is functioning and how much activity the child can best tolerate. Emergency oxygen supplementation During infancy, if the child cries violently for a long time, it may increase the burden on the heart, so it should be avoided as much as possible. Children with cyanotic precordial disease can often suffer from hypoxic episodes induced by crying, defecation, cold or trauma during infancy, which may manifest as irritability, difficulty in breathing, increased cyanosis, and weak cries, etc. Serious cases may be life-threatening. Vaccinations In order to improve the immunity of children with precocious heart disease, children can receive various planned immunizations during their growth process, which is commonly known as “vaccination”, including BCG, polio vaccine, pertussis vaccine, diphtheria vaccine, measles vaccine, etc. However, there is still a debate on whether vaccination should be given before surgery. Some doctors suggest that vaccination can be given, while others think that vaccination leads to fever and other adverse reactions, so it is not recommended. The vaccination should be given after 3 months to 6 months after surgery. Children with other diseases such as fever, diarrhea, pneumonia, etc. cannot be vaccinated, but can be vaccinated after these diseases are cured. Many children with prediabetes have to take medications for a long time, such as digoxin, Kepone, and diuretics. These drugs have a strict method of administration, parents must follow the doctor’s prescription, on time, in accordance with the amount, can not arbitrarily increase or decrease the dose and stop the drug, otherwise it will affect the effectiveness of treatment, affecting the accuracy of the doctor’s judgment of the condition, and may even cause the child drug overdose and poisoning. Parents should pay enough attention to their children with precordial disease psychologically, in addition to taking good care of them in terms of diet and activities. The child should not be overly pampered because of heart disease, which will lead to the child’s capricious and self-centered personality, nor should the child’s requirements be lowered because of heart disease, which will lead to inferiority and timidity.