Urine is a barometer of the kidneys, and by testing the changes in the composition of urine can reflect the health status of the kidneys to a certain extent. This test is urine routine, which is the simplest and most common test used by nephrologists to assess the condition of the kidneys. Urine protein is one of the tests in urine routine, usually reported as negative, positive 1+, 2+, 3+, 4+. When urine protein is repeatedly positive and physiological proteinuria is excluded, doctors often recommend checking 24-hour urine protein quantification, why is that? The urine protein test in the urine routine can only be analyzed qualitatively and cannot give quantitative results. When repeated urine tests are positive, it is often necessary to consider the possibility of pathological proteinuria, at this time the quantitative urine protein test is very important: 1, the response to the severity of proteinuria, is very important to determine the prognosis of patients with primary and secondary glomerular disease, the higher the degree of proteinuria, the faster the progression to renal failure. 2, the degree of proteinuria can be used to monitor the effect of treatment, for example, chronic nephritis patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs, are required to regularly recheck the 24-hour urine protein quantification to assess the effect of treatment, the doctor will adjust the drugs according to the results. 3, the degree of proteinuria: normal total urinary protein excretion <150mg/d, normal albumin excretion rate <20mg/d, moderate increase albuminuria 30-300mg/d, severe increase albuminuria >300mg/d. 4, some patients with proteinuria <3.5g/d and other items in the urine sediment (such as red blood cells, tubular type, white blood cells, etc.) are normal, and also no hypertension, We call this category simple proteinuria, which is generally benign, but still requires regular review and monitoring of urine protein quantification. Unlike simple proteinuria, nephrotic syndrome refers to urine protein quantification >3.5g/d with edema, hypoproteinemia and hyperlipidemia. How to accurately obtain a 24-hour proteinuria specimen? 1, 3 days before the specimen to avoid large meat diet and strenuous exercise, women should avoid the physiological period, if there is urinary frequency, urinary urgency, urinary pain and other urinary tract infection symptoms should not be retained urine, normal drinking water can be, do not need to deliberately drink more water. 2. Empty the urine in the bladder at 8:00 a.m. and discard it to start the timing, then each time the urine is solved into a large enough container with preservatives (usually provided by medical institutions), from the start of the timing until 8:00 a.m. the next morning, the urine emptied the next morning should be counted. Note that the retained urine should be sent for testing in a timely manner and avoid high temperature environments, which can breed bacteria and affect the urine test results after being left for too long. 3, stir with a smooth stick and measure the total amount of urine accurately with a measuring cup, determine the amount of protein per 100ml, and then calculate the amount of protein for 24 hours based on the actual volume of urine.