The da Vinci robot, a once unfamiliar name, has recently brought about a brand new era of surgery in mainland China. Modern Western medicine has developed over hundreds of years and has gone through three eras, from traditional open surgery to laparoscopic surgery, and then from laparoscopic surgery to the era of robotic surgery. This da Vinci system, which represents the highest technology in global medicine, will bring benefits to tens of thousands of patients. Pediatric hydronephrosis is a very common urological disease, high morbidity, traditional surgery is more traumatic, laparoscopic surgery under the suture, knotting requirements are very high, da Vinci surgical field of view for the 3D field of view, the field of view is very clear, in the abdominal cavity, the operating arm can have 7 steering, more than the 6 steering of the wrist of the human one more than the wrist is more flexible than the wrist, more flexible than the laparoscopy of the straight instrument to be a lot of flexibility, can be accomplished laparoscopically impossible to do almost any angle of suturing, and the laparoscopy can not be done, the system will be the first time in the world. It is possible to perform almost any angle of closure that is not possible laparoscopically, with better control of the anastomotic edges. The advantages over laparoscopy are obvious. In children’s hospitals in developed countries such as Europe and the United States, the rate of da Vinci surgery for children aged 6 months or older with hydronephrosis is very high, almost replacing the traditional open surgery and laparoscopic surgery. In China, although there are cost implications, it must be the way of the future.