At present, the surgical treatment of pediatric hydronephrosis is divided into open surgery and laparoscopic surgery. Generally speaking, each has its own advantages and disadvantages: laparoscopic pelvic hydrocele surgery (disconnected pelvic ureteral anastomosis) has basically achieved the effect of open surgery after years of efforts, and is a minimally invasive surgery, which is welcomed by the majority of patients and their families. The surgery is performed under general anesthesia, and the general operating time is 2-4 hours (depending on the case), and the postoperative recovery is also fast, but the main thing is the small wound to achieve an aesthetic effect. Open surgery is generally performed without entering the abdominal cavity, outside the peritoneum, with a short operation time (1-1.5 hours), a higher success rate and fewer complications, especially in recent years with small open incisions, achieving a more minimally invasive (short general anesthesia time, no series of complications caused by pneumoperitoneum, etc.) effect, especially for children of particularly young age (a few months). However, the type of surgery adopted depends on the patient’s actual condition and the surgeon’s surgical experience, and there is no absolute good or bad.