Congenital malformation causing pelvic ureteral junction stenosis is the most common cause of pediatric hydronephrosis, which is generally not easy to detect, and some of them are found only after adulthood because they are asymptomatic; by then, most patients’ kidneys have already lost function. A significant proportion of patients with the disease have bilateral renal onset, with one focus on one side being relatively mild; one side occurs early and the other later. The surgical treatment of the disease requires a high success rate, and failure of the surgery will cause the patient to lose kidney function, so the surgery must be done in a hospital with conditions and by experienced doctors. Because of the strong regenerative ability of children, even though some children have severe hydronephrosis and thin kidney cortex, it is important to preserve the kidney as much as possible, and not to easily remove the kidney that has the possibility to recover its function if it is considered non-functional, causing irreparable damage. The traditional open surgical approach has large incisions, obvious pain, and the postoperative wound is prone to infection. Wuhan Union Hospital Pediatric Surgery routinely uses laparoscopy to treat pediatric hydronephrosis, which only requires a few small 3-5 mm holes in the abdominal wall of the child to complete the hydronephrosis surgery, with short operation time, fast postoperative recovery and beautiful abdominal wall appearance. Welcome to visit our clinic, we will be dedicated to providing quality medical services for your baby with our exquisite medical skills and good medical ethics.