Nephrotic syndrome is a group of clinical syndromes caused by multiple causes, mainly characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, hyperlipidemia and edema of different degrees. It occurs mostly in children aged 2-8 years old, more males than females, and some children have a prolonged course due to multiple relapses. One of the reasons for recurrence is improper diet and poor care. Diet to grasp the five principles 1, careful use of high-protein diet: Although children with nephrotic syndrome have a lot of urine protein loss and hypoproteinemia, but the use of high-protein diet is not recommended. In general, 0.8-1.0g/kg.d protein diet is recommended for children with nephrotic syndrome, with animal protein accounting for 2/3 and vegetable protein accounting for 1/3; low protein diet is not recommended for children with nephrotic syndrome with normal renal function. 2, fat intake should be limited: nephrotic syndrome children to limit animal fat is beneficial, especially for cholesterol-rich foods (such as squid, shrimp, crab, fatty meat, hoof tendons, animal offal, etc.), should be controlled. 3.Sufficient amount of carbohydrates: to make up sufficient energy to prevent oxidation of amino acids, 35keal/kg.d is recommended, but it can be reduced if the child is obese. 4.Appropriate salt restriction: recommended lg/d. Give enough water-soluble vitamins and appropriate supplementation of trace elements. Kidney supplement herbal medicines such as Xian Ling Spleen, Xian Mao, Cistanches, Lock Yang and Dog’s Backbone all contain calcium, zinc and other trace elements. Therefore, with the Chinese medicine treatment, it can not only supplement the needs, but also enhance appetite and improve the physical condition. 5, dietary contraindications: should not eat more sour, sweet, bitter, salty and cold products; eat less egg yolk, fish roe, meat skin and animal offal; avoid eating shrimp, crab, pickled products; should not drink alcohol, smoking. Handling of common problems in dietary care: 1. Loss of appetite, anorexia Do a good job in psychological care of the child. Change the cooking method frequently, pay attention to the color, aroma and taste or use a small amount of appetizing drugs and Chinese medicine before eating to increase the appetite of the child; if the child feels fatigued, rest first and then eat after recovery; have small and frequent meals, give mild and non-stimulating food, avoid too greasy or too sweet. 2, oral inflammation Due to the long duration of the disease, resistance to decline, easy to secondary stomatitis, should pay attention to oral hygiene, good oral care. And good oral care can both promote appetite and prevent stomatitis. Avoid consuming too hot, too acidic or rough foods and stimulating foods and drinks, such as coffee and pepper. At the same time should be given active anti-inflammatory, such as ultrasonic nebulization, strengthening mouth rinsing, vitamin supplementation and other symptomatic treatment. 3, nausea, vomiting First find out the cause of nausea, vomiting. Such as unpleasant odor, nausea, irritating food, highly nervous psychology. Prepare containers, patiently soothe the child, calm the emotions, let the child lie down, head to the side, record the amount and nature of vomit in time, change clothes, blankets, sheets, and if necessary, keep the specimen for testing. 4, abdominal pain, abdominal leakage Choose foods with less fiber or light diet, avoid large amounts of fat, fried food or too sweet food; at the same time, pay attention to water and electrolyte supplementation, use more foods with high potassium content, such as vegetable soup, orange juice, tomato juice; avoid consuming milk or dairy products. 5.Evaluate the effect of dietary therapy Keep abreast of the situation of the child’s swelling; regularly measure the child’s weight, abdominal circumference, blood pressure and the degree of improvement of self-conscious symptoms; keep track of the results of laboratory tests and observe the kidney function; assess the degree of improvement of the child’s nutritional status; adjust the diet plan with the changes of the disease. The diet is reasonable, as the saying goes, “medicine is not as good as food”. Winter tonic can use the following diet: Chestnut porridge: 50 grams of chestnuts (peeled), 50 grams of rice, a little salt. Boil raw chestnuts in a pressure cooker (less water), remove the skin, mash, put into washed rice, add water and cook into porridge, then add salt to taste. Chestnuts can nourish the kidneys and have a therapeutic effect on soreness or pain in the waist and knees caused by deficiency of kidney energy. Sesame porridge: 10 grams of sesame seeds, 50 grams of rice, and the right amount of honey or salt. First, sesame seeds are sautéed to get the aroma, rice is washed and cooked into porridge and sesame seeds are added, honey or salt is mixed in. Sesame seeds can be divided into white sesame and black sesame, white sesame has a beneficial effect on the intestines and lungs; black sesame can enter the kidneys and strengthen the muscles and bones. In addition, you can also eat pigeon congee, chestnuts, sweet potatoes, etc. to nourish the stomach and strengthen the spleen, strengthen the body and kidneys.