Children with pediatric congenital nephrotic syndrome have a special appearance: after birth, special appearance is common, such as low nasal bridge, wide eye spacing, low ears, wide cranial suture, wide fontanelle and posterior fontanelle, and also common hip, knee and elbow are flexed deformity. Later, abdominal distention, ascites, and umbilical hernia are common. What is the preventive care for hip, knee and elbow flexion deformity? Nephroticsyndrome (NS) is not an independent disease, but a group of clinical syndromes in glomerular diseases. The typical manifestations are massive proteinuria (>3.5g per day/1.73m2 body surface area), hypoalbuminemia (plasma albumin <30g/L), edema with or without hyperlipidemia The diagnostic criteria should be massive proteinuria and hypoproteinemia. Large amounts of proteinuria are characteristic of glomerular disease, and it is less common to see such large amounts of proteinuria in renal vascular disease or tubulointerstitial disease. Since hypoproteinemia, hyperlipidemia and edema are all consequences of massive proteinuria, it is considered that the diagnostic criteria should be based on massive proteinuria. The pathogenesis and prognosis of this disease are related to a variety of factors. Prevention should start with our own health, pay attention to a reasonable diet, enhance physical fitness, improve immunity, avoid exposure to toxic substances, harmful drugs and chemicals to reduce their damage to the muscles, and should actively prevent infections and various diseases from occurring. An important factor affecting the outcome and long-term prognosis of patients with renal syndrome is the complications of nephrotic syndrome, which should be actively prevented and treated.