Intraoperative frozen pathology means taking a specimen in the middle of the surgery and sending it for laboratory tests, protecting the area around the incision, and waiting for the results if we think it may be benign, or waiting for the pathology results if we suspect it is malignant. Usually the pathology department will give the results quickly within 30 minutes, and many patients benefit from this, especially if they are not sure if it is benign or malignant, and the evidence provided by the frozen pathology can identify benign or malignant. However, in about 5% to 10% of patients, the intraoperative cryopreservation is inaccurate, and the pathology is reported as benign at the time, but malignant after surgery, and this reported malignancy requires a second operation. For patients in this situation, we can also choose a method to avoid the risk of nerve damage if the node is suspected to be malignant and the node is on the side of the nerve during surgery, so we advocate cutting off this side of the node to avoid secondary surgery in this area. Of course, the pathology may end up being benign, so it is important to communicate well with the patient and tell the patient why this is done and what benefits the patient will get. The post-operative paraffin pathology is the final result, and it takes several days to go through the conventional process, and there are many kinds of pathologies, one is the conventional section, and there is also the special method of immunohistochemical pathology to identify, that takes time, but the conclusion will be very accurate. The current technology of thyroid lumpectomy can remove the lesion through the mirror in the areola, armpit and other invisible places without opening from the neck, so here are a few things to emphasize: First, whether it is cut outside or inside through the lumpectomy, the content of the removal is the same, it cannot be said that the minimally invasive will be cut less. Secondly, will there be a big scar after the incision on the neck? This is not necessarily the case. In mature surgery, we will choose the place where there are normal wrinkles to cut, and after the surgery recovery, there will be a fine wrinkle, which sometimes can’t be seen. However, there is a type of person who belongs to the scar body, and this kind of person is not suitable for traditional surgery, otherwise it will not look good to have a big scar on the neck. Both methods exist, whether you do lumpectomy or open surgery, the range of methods is the same.