Robotic surgery is an advanced form of laparoscopic surgical operation, which is a surgical operating system with several high technologies concentrated in one. It can be elaborated from the two aspects of operation principle as well as advantages and disadvantages. 1. Principle of operation: robotic surgery is based on the robotic surgical technology developed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) to perform complex surgical procedures. The robotic surgery operating system consists of three main parts: the surgeon’s console, the bedside robotic arm system, imaging system, etc. The surgeon sits in the console, and the imaging system is used to perform the surgery. The lead surgeon sits in the console and uses both hands to control the instruments and a three-dimensional, high-definition endoscope to synchronize the movement of the surgical instrument tips with the surgeon’s hands. 2. Advantages and disadvantages: At present, robotic surgery has been widely used in obstetrics and gynecology, urology, thoracic surgery, head and neck surgery and other departments. Compared with traditional lumpectomy, this surgery has the advantages of more precise operation and less trauma. However, compared with traditional laparoscopic surgery, robotic surgery is more expensive and requires higher skills from doctors, and cannot be carried out in small hospitals at present. Patients can choose whether or not to undergo robotic surgery by consulting with a professional doctor and taking into account their own situation.