The majority of gastric polyps are non-cancerous fundic gland polyps

  Gastric polyps can be broadly defined as luminal lesions projecting above the plane of the mucosal surface and are clinically common, and there are many different types of polyps, including Gastric fundic glands, hyperplastic, adenomatous, inflammatory, malignant tumors, etc.; they are of various origins, epithelial or non-epithelial; they can be solitary or multiple, and in a few cases, polyps also become malignant into gastric cancer [1]. Gastric polyps are asymptomatic and most of them are discovered incidentally during gastroscopy. Because of the limited ability of the naked eye, when gastric polyps are found, endoscopists often have to clamp a small amount of polyps for pathological examination to clarify the type and nature of polyps (referred to as biopsy pathology). For individual small polyps, all of them are directly clamped and sent for pathology.  According to the guidelines published by the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in 2015 [2], although there are many types of gastric polyps, statistics show that 70%-90% of epithelial polyps are fundic gland polyps or hyperplastic polyps (The majority (70%-90%) of gastric epithelial polyps are fundic gland polyps (FGPs) or hyperplastic polyps and are often incidental findings on endoscopy), with fundic gland polyps being the most common. Sporadic fundic gland polyps may be associated with long-term use of proton pump inhibitors such as omeprazole and are not at high risk of cancer. Therefore, pathologically confirmed fundic polyps do not require resection or follow-up unless they are familial adenomatous polyposis patients. Only less than 10-30% of the following gastric polyps have some risk of cancer and need to be removed and followed up.  1. Hyperplastic polyps The second most common type of gastric polyp. In 5%-15% of hyperplastic polyps, heterogeneous growths and malignant changes can be found. The larger the polyp the higher the risk, polyps larger than 0.5 cm in diameter should be removed endoscopically. If the hyperplastic polyps occur on the basis of H. pylori infection and environmental sexualized atrophic gastritis, regardless of size, they should be removed and gastroscopy should be repeated in the second year and every 3-5 years thereafter.  2.Adenomatous polyps are rare, but they not only have malignant potential but also have a recurrence rate of about 2.6% after removal, so once confirmed, it is best to remove them by submucosal resection and review gastroscopy in the second year, and then every 3-5 years.  3.Familial polyposis is rare, hereditary, with various types, mainly characterized by multiple polyps in the large and small intestine, and often in the stomach, single or multiple, among which gastric polyps in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) are fundic gland polyps. For these polyps, single or few polyps are removed if possible, and in case of multiple polyps, the larger ones are removed. The timing of follow-up is synchronized with colonoscopy.  4.Lynch syndrome Lynch syndrome is also called hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (NHPCC), about 10%-15% of colorectal cancers belong to this type. Patients with this syndrome are also susceptible to gastric cancer and endometrial cancer. Therefore, family members and patients with Lynch syndrome need to be examined by gastroscopy, and polyps should be removed and followed up immediately.  References 1. Park do Y, Lauwers GY. Gastric polyps: classification and management. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2008 Apr;132(4):633-40. 2. ASGE Standards of Practice Committee, Evans JA, Chandrasekhara V. et al. The role of endoscopy in the management of premalignant and malignant conditions of the stomach. Gastrointest Endosc. 2015 Jul;82(1):1-8.