The key to what to do about a brain stem blockage depends on what type of brain stem blockage it is. In fact, there is no such thing as a brain stem blockage in the field of neurosurgery; the closer terms and diagnoses are primarily brain stem infarction and midbrain aqueduct blockage. If the patient has a blocked midbrain aqueduct, this will inevitably result in obstructive hydrocephalus. This situation also depends on which cause of midbrain aqueduct obstruction, if it is caused by hemorrhage, bilateral lateral ventricle puncture external drainage surgery can be done, and intracranial injection of urokinase can be done if necessary. If it is caused by a tumor, priority should be given to a lateral ventriculoperitoneal shunt and a second stage of surgery to remove the midbrain tumor. If the patient is caused by brainstem infarction, he should be actively anticoagulated and antiplatelet aggregation, dehydrated to lower the cranial pressure, and nutritive neurological symptomatic treatment. If necessary, intravenous thrombolysis can be given, as well as hyperbaric oxygen rehabilitation.