Vitamin K is widely found in plants and animals and is also synthesized in part by intestinal microorganisms for use by the body; therefore, vitamin K deficiency rarely occurs in normal people in general. However, some newborns are now found to develop intracranial hemorrhage at birth or around full term. The reasons for this phenomenon are, firstly, insufficient maternal supply of vitamin K during pregnancy; secondly, the intestine of newborn infants is in a sterile state within a few days of birth, so vitamin K cannot be synthesized by microorganisms; thirdly, the level of prothrombin in the plasma of newborn infants is very low, and under normal conditions, it only rises to the level of adults a few weeks after birth. Therefore, for a fetus or newborn, the level of vitamin K nutrition of the mother is directly related to the vitamin K level of the child. However, the vitamin K content of human milk is very low, much lower than cow’s milk, and for breastfed infants, from the first few days to 2-3 months of life, newborn infants are prone to vitamin K deficiency, leading to intracranial hemorrhage in severe cases. more than 90% of vitamin K deficiency hemorrhage occurs in breastfed infants. Once intracranial hemorrhage occurs, there is a high mortality and disability rate, therefore, prevention is crucial. In rural areas, due to customary practices, postpartum women are not allowed to eat vegetables, making the supply of vitamin K to lactating mothers inadequate, thus making neonatal intracranial hemorrhage more likely to occur in these areas. In order to ensure adequate vitamin K levels for the newborn and a smooth and healthy delivery for the mother, pregnant women should pay attention to the proper intake of vitamin K-rich foods such as animal liver and green leafy vegetables during the late pregnancy and during the month. All newborns should be given a prophylactic injection of 1 mg of vitamin K within one hour after birth. In recent years, most scientists believe that oral and intramuscular injections of vitamin K have the same effect, thus avoiding the pain and side effects of injections. Alternatively, 10 mg of vitamin K can be given intramuscularly to pregnant women within 24 hours before delivery. for breastfed children, a dose of vitamin K can be given at one month after birth.