Since they became the masters of this planet, human beings have always boasted of being the spirits of all things. Thus, throughout the ages, some prophets and sages among the members of the human race have thought that they could see the world and be omnipotent, and were proud of their unique ability to think abstractly, thinking that they knew the laws of the world, mastered the truth of the world, and could never make mistakes. Influenced by these prophets, we, the general public, also have more or less such beliefs. But in fact, the whole history of human evolution and civilization shows that human members generally have inherent cognitive defects of one kind or another, and thus form various kinds of prejudices. It is influenced by such cognitive deficits and corresponding biases that people keep making the same or similar mistakes. As a psychiatrist, I am also aware that such cognitive deficits are also the source of some mental abnormalities. Common sense suggests that it is absolutely probable that people will develop cognitive deficits and corresponding biases. Why? Because the people and environmental conditions that lead us to master cognitive patterns and abilities are themselves flawed. In other words, the “coach” who teaches us to understand the world and think is defective, and the environment that enters our consciousness is full of information that may mislead our cognition. First of all, “coaching”. The first “coach” or “mentor” that each of us had when we came into the world to learn and master our cognitive patterns was our own parents. Therefore, our basic cognitive patterns are learned from our own parents, and can also be said to be brought out by their words and teachings, and must be marked accordingly. For example, parents who think logically and confusingly may raise children who are also “confused”; parents who think in a rigid and fixed way and lack the ability to adapt and simplify their procedures may raise children who are only “rigid”; parents who have a deficit orientation (deficit orientation) cognitive model may raise children who are only “rigid”. Parents with deficit orientation do not raise children who can focus on the positive and upbeat; parents who have a poor sense of security, who tend to overestimate risk, and who seek excessive security do not raise children who are brave and strong, who are willing to explore the unknown, or who are willing to take risks. Parents with these cognitive deficits are destined to pass on their deficits to their children. For example, parents with a deficient cognitive orientation will have more negative evaluations and comments about things, about others, about their families, about their children, and even about their spouses. Their cognitive patterns will be more likely to lead to poor interpersonal relationships and their own moods will be easily affected by negative perceptions of things and poor interpersonal relationships and become unhappy. If they also have a tendency to feel insecure, overestimate risks, and be overly risk-averse, they are less likely to engage in active exploration and risk-taking behavior, and less likely to experience the joy of success that comes from “knowing that there is a tiger on the mountain”. As a result, such families tend to have less joyful atmosphere and positive words and actions, and children who grow up in such an environment, in addition to learning and imitating the poor cognitive patterns of their parents, are also affected by the poor family atmosphere and are less likely to have good interpersonal relationships and quality friendships, and are more likely to be frustrated and suffer from depression, anxiety, and other mental disorders as a result. In our clinical work, we have indeed seen untold numbers of similar families of origin and their children with mental illness. In addition, children of parents with low cognitive development and who have not learned to use proper logic are less likely to have high levels of cognitive development and good logical thinking skills. For example, parents who make judgments and draw conclusions based on their own subjective preferences or personal wishes are bound to teach their children to use the same thinking patterns and reasoning strategies, causing them to suffer from “taking things for granted” as well. Moreover, people with such thinking patterns are prone to certain delusions, hallucinations and other psychotic symptoms once depression occurs. This is also a common phenomenon in clinical cases. Then look at the environment. In a social environment without proper training or influence on logical thinking, most people lack the willingness and ability to improve logical thinking spontaneously, or rather, their cognitive development stays at a level far below the “metacognitive” more naive, and naturally, they are more likely to think by intuition and habit. This is especially true in the context of traditional Chinese culture, which lacks scientific underpinnings (i.e., does not encourage questioning “why”). This is often the case, for example, with the perception of natural environments or phenomena. People believe that the sun revolves around us based on its rising in the east and setting in the west; they believe that the earth beneath us is flat based on their vision of a straight horizon. Similarly, the cognition of human social environment or phenomena is relatively accustomed to intuitive interpretation of problems. For example, under the influence of traditional Chinese culture, “who will rise to the fifth hour if there is no profit” and “people die for food” are the truths that most people believe in; “you can’t have the heart to harm others, but you can’t have the heart to prevent others. ” is also the vast majority of people in dealing with interpersonal relations guidelines; “which does not say people before, which is not said after people” is also believed by many people as the golden rule. Although these concepts are relatively widely represented and universal in China, exceptions are not uncommon. In the context of European and American religious cultures, self-sacrifice and respect for the privacy of others are also praised and widely practiced social and moral norms that clearly contradict the beliefs of most of us. Although the results of thinking influenced by the above environmental conditions change considerably as a person grows up and receives modern education, etc., the resulting thinking stereotypes profoundly influence his or her life. In particular, those who are overprotected and overcontrolled by their parents and who have not completed good socialization and have a poor sense of security are influenced by their parents’ flawed cognitive patterns, have a narrow range of social interactions, have low cognitive levels, have fully inherited or even “creatively” developed their parents’ flawed cognitive patterns, and may be subject to these flawed cognitive patterns throughout their lives. They may be subject to these flawed cognitive patterns throughout their lives and live in their “own” world full of misconceptions. These individuals are likely to grow up with severe maladjustment, even throughout their lives, and are highly susceptible to mental illness as a result. These are my perceptions and understandings of human beings’ innate or unavoidable cognitive deficits, and their tendency to form prejudices based on them. Of course, my knowledge and understanding also has a bias component based on my status as a psychiatrist, because I see these deficits more from the perspective of psychiatric patients and their relatives.