Lumbar disc herniation is one of the more common disorders, and the incidence of lumbar disc herniation is highest in lumbar 4-5 and lumbar 5-sacral 1, accounting for about 95%. By summarizing the domestic and foreign literature, lumbar disc herniation can be divided into four steps of treatment: the first step: mild and moderate herniation, the first standardized conservative treatment for 3 months, including oral medication, attention to posture and functional exercise, etc., most of the symptoms can be relieved without surgical treatment. The second stage: if the conservative treatment is not satisfactory, minimally invasive interventional treatment is recommended, commonly used means include trioxynucleus ablation, disc radiofrequency ablation, disc collagenase ablation, dorsal root nerve block, etc. However, the above methods are indirect decompression, only for some cases of inclusive herniation, and cannot completely remove the herniated disc tissues, especially the disc tissues that compress the nerves; in addition, the necrotic tissues after ablation need to be naturally absorbed by the body, which is long, painful and has a high recurrence rate. The third stage: the above interventions are ineffective, the symptoms gradually aggravate, and those who seriously affect daily work and life need open surgery (early surgery is recommended for severe herniation, prolapse or free). The aim of surgical treatment is to remove the herniated disc so that the compressed nerve can regain free space. The type of surgery performed is determined by the location and extent (size) of the herniated disc and the accompanying other problems (such as spinal stenosis, foraminal stenosis, etc.). Minimally invasive surgery: endoscopic discectomy, microscopic discectomy with small openings; 2. Major invasive surgery: laminectomy decompression, discectomy + pedicle screw fixation + bone graft fusion, discectomy + intervertebral fusion placement + bone graft fusion, etc. Minimally invasive surgery, especially endoscopic discectomy, has greater advantages in the treatment of disc herniation, and is the latest technology in recent years, with high safety, better efficacy and less trauma, as described below. The removal of herniated discs by major invasive surgery is a direct decompression, but the surgery is traumatic, risky and expensive, and also has a high recurrence rate (due to inflammatory irritation, bloody irritation, tissue adhesions, etc.), and some patients still cannot relieve pain and other symptoms after the surgery, because the direct jamming of the herniated disc tissue is only one of the pathogenic mechanisms leading to disc herniation, and some patients even develop New symptoms that were not present before surgery (for example: nerve adhesion pain, postoperative pain syndrome in the low back, etc.), long-term oral pain medication or nerve block and other treatments in the pain department. Fourth stage: rehabilitation. In a broad sense, rehabilitation is treatment, including: functional exercise, pain and other residual symptom treatment, while what we usually think of as treatment should include rehabilitation therapy. The purpose of rehabilitation treatment is: to restore the patient’s ability to take care of himself/herself to the greatest extent possible, so that he/she can return to his/her family and workplace. It can be said that the appropriateness of the means of rehabilitation treatment not only affects the efficacy of treatment, but can also reduce the recurrence of lumbar disc herniation to some extent.