Asthma is a very persistent and chronic disease that often recurs and can affect the growth and development of children and reduce the ability to work and quality of life of adults. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the incidence of asthma in children. Our pediatrics department participated in three national epidemiological surveys of childhood asthma in 1990, 2000 and 2010, and the results showed that the incidence of asthma among children aged 0-14 years in Baotou in 2010 was nearly 1 times higher than that in 1990. Ma Chunyan, Department of Pediatrics, Baogang Hospital 1. Clinical manifestations of childhood asthma and its treatment The typical symptom of childhood asthma is wheezing, which may be manifested as coughing, wheezing, chest tightness, breathlessness, difficulty in exhalation, strong wheezing at night and aggravation of coughing or wheezing after exercise. These symptoms usually occur after exposure to irritants, such as irritating odors, cold air, allergens, colds, and strenuous exercise. If medication is not administered in time to make the symptoms go away, it is likely to be life-threatening. Asthma is a chronic disease, and its treatment mode is not quite the same as chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension, which are all based on oral medication. Asthma treatment is mainly inhalation therapy, a treatment method in which medication is made in the form of aerosol pellets or dry powder pellets and inhaled into the airways and lungs to treat bronchial asthma and other respiratory diseases. The correct method of inhalation directly affects the clinical efficacy, so patients and their families must be taught to master the correct inhalation method. Guidelines such as GINA (Global Initiative for Asthma Prevention and Control) and AIRA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma) have been published internationally. Asthma requires long-term testing and treatment, and this concept needs to be continuously popularized so that more doctors and parents are aware of it. There are still many problems with inhalation therapy: one of them is that patients are not familiar with inhalation techniques. Inhalation therapy is different from oral therapy and requires certain inhalation techniques to be mastered. According to the data reported abroad on the return visit of inhalation aerosol, only 1/3-1/2 of the patients were able to master the inhalation technique. The second is the inability to adhere to long-term. Inhalation therapy drugs work quickly, and symptoms can be relieved quickly, so many patients think they have achieved the effect and stop using them. In fact, lung function and underlying airway inflammation are not fully relieved in short-term use, and inflammation tends to drag on for a long time, so the correct approach is to taper the dosage as the disease progresses, not to stop the medication. In general, moderate to severe asthma requires 1-3 years of adherence to medication. For younger asthma patients, individualized and differentiated treatment is needed. Special attention should be paid to the fact that asthma patients should closely observe their condition after stopping medication and closely watch for further attacks after stopping medication. They should understand and recognize the early signs of asthma including runny nose and cough, and use inhalation therapy immediately when they feel the early signs of asthma, which can provide good relief of symptoms and prevent the development of the disease. However, if the symptoms are not relieved by inhalation therapy and additional medication, you should go to the hospital for professional help. 2. For parents with children with asthma in the family, which medications are necessary in the medicine cabinet? There are two categories of medications for asthma treatment: one is control medications, which are designed to suppress airway inflammation and need to be used for a long time to control and prevent acute asthma attacks. The other major class of drugs is relief drugs, which can quickly relieve bronchoconstriction and other accompanying acute symptoms, and are used during acute asthma attacks to quickly relieve asthma symptoms.3. On the issue of side effects At present, the treatment of asthma is mainly based on inhaled drugs. The most commonly used medicine is inhaled hormone, which is a very small amount of hormone and acts directly on the airway. Of course, medicine is poisonous, so parents can understand the feeling of trying not to give their children medicine. However, parents should also understand that asthma disease itself is far more harmful to their children than the harm caused by medication. For parents’ concerns, such as obesity and growth retardation, these are all side effects of long-term systemic hormone application. The most common side effects of hormone inhalation are local side effects, such as hoarseness, which can be relieved by reducing the medication and rinsing the mouth well with other standardized medication. The normal amount prescribed by a specialist for asthma does not produce systemic side effects and has no effect on growth and development.4. Older children can be monitored for asthma at home. It is important to assess the severity of the child’s condition and choose different treatment modalities and doses of medication for a standardized asthma treatment plan. It is important to assess the severity of the child’s disease and to select different treatments and doses of medication. The medication should be gradually reduced while maintaining good treatment outcomes until the minimum dose to maintain asthma control is determined. There are tools available for older children to monitor their asthma at home, usually at the age of 5 or older, and parents can rely on this to monitor their child’s condition. 5. What are the problems in living with an asthmatic child at home? Secondly, it depends on what the child is allergic to. Different allergies require different attention: for example, fabric sofas and Simmons mattresses are prone to mites, and parents with mite allergies should pay attention to the regular cleaning of these furniture. In addition, dunnage and garbage should not be placed inside the house, and the refrigerator should be cleaned regularly. Many parents ask, “Should I avoid eating for children with asthma? Many children with asthma are allergic children. If this child is really clearly allergic to a certain food, and eating this food causes asthma attacks or eczema, then do not eat it. If there is no clear relationship, even if the test reveals a level 1 or 2 allergy to the food, but there is nothing wrong with eating it, generally speaking, there is no need to avoid eating it, because the child is in the growth and development period, too much avoidance will affect the child’s growth. For children with asthma, many parents of children have far more concerns about their child’s disease than children do. The result is that parents are burdened for a long time, which affects the child’s emotions, giving the child too much protection, too many instructions and too many restrictions, making the child feel different from other children, the child will develop an inferiority complex, the child is in a long time in the depressing environment created by parents, bad mood, crying and fussing can also trigger an asthma attack. It is recognized by experts that emotional changes in children with asthma can lead to asthma attacks, and it is important for parents to “desensitize” their asthmatic children to psychological treatment, and with the help of pediatric asthma specialists, let’s remember that asthma can be controlled.