Epilepsy is one of the most common diseases in children, and about 10% of them have drug-refractory epilepsy. In some children, surgical treatment is effective. For children with surgical indications, early detection and accurate diagnosis are important. Early detection: The following factors may be associated with refractory epilepsy. Neonatal convulsions, infantile spasms, young age at presentation of epilepsy, symptomatic epilepsy, presentation of persistent status epilepticus at onset, high seizure frequency early in the onset, focal EEG manifestations, and lesions on head nuclear magnetic. Accurate diagnosis: After accurate diagnosis, if surgical treatment can be done as early as possible, firstly, seizures can be controlled, which can improve their quality of life and reduce the family economic burden. Another key point is that it can improve the child’s intelligence and language level, improve his or her behavior and neuropsychological problems, and if treated well, the child can attend school normally and be employed in the future. Some of the epilepsy syndromes that can be treated by surgery in childhood are: cortical developmental abnormalities, tumors, tuberous sclerosis, Sturge-Weber syndrome, hypothalamic malformation tumors, Rasmussen, infantile spasms, hippocampal sclerosis temporal lobe epilepsy, Landau-Kleffner syndrome, etc.