Pediatric thickening of the posterior wall of the roof of the nasopharynx means that the child may have enlarged adenoids. In children, thickening of the posterior wall of the roof of the nasopharynx is usually caused by adenoid hypertrophy. The adenoids are lymphoid tissue, and when they are enlarged and thickened, the child will usually show symptoms such as nasal congestion, runny nose, and because the adenoids are blocking the nasal passages, the child may sleep with his or her mouth open because of the lack of airflow through the nose. If the examination shows thickening of the posterior wall of the roof of the nasopharynx, parents are advised to take the child to the hospital for a nasal endoscopy or lateral nasopharyngeal film to clarify the specific condition of the child’s nasopharynx. If it is confirmed that the adenoid hypertrophy is more obvious, we can consider ablating the hyperplastic adenoids under low temperature plasma. Parents are advised to bring their children for timely treatment. If adenoid hypertrophy is present, untreated adenoid facies may occur.