Long-term ineffective control of hypertension will cause atherosclerosis of small arteries throughout the body, resulting in damage to multiple target organs such as the heart, brain, kidneys, and fundus of the eye. It is worth noting that the damage of hypertension to the heart and brain is more familiar to everyone, such as myocardial infarction, cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction, etc., whereas its impact on the kidneys is insidious, often unnoticeable, and is a gradual process. Kidney is an organ composed of many tiny blood vessels. Hypertension, if not well controlled for a long time, will lead to atherosclerosis of small renal arteries. This is the reason why the vast majority of hypertensive patients suffer from varying degrees of kidney damage. If this damage is not treated in time, it will be further aggravated with age, and in the end it will cause glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, and ultimately lead to renal insufficiency, until it develops into uremia. Once clinical symptoms such as proteinuria, hematuria and edema appear, they are often irreversible. As long as you fully understand the dangers of hypertension, early diagnosis and early treatment, you can reduce kidney damage and delay the progression of renal lesions. Hypertensive patients should check the urine routine or kidney function regularly to find out the renal changes caused by hypertension at an early stage. Especially the first discovery of hypertension, must do a comprehensive examination to clarify the presence of renal lesions, suspected renal hypertension should be urine routine, blood routine, renal function, blood lipids, blood coagulation indexes and determination of both kidneys, renal artery ultrasound, and, if necessary, also for the CT or magnetic resonance angiography and angiography, in order to early diagnosis and early treatment.